Quality Tool |
Description |
Action Plan |
A
tool used to record a course of action when implementing a treatment.
Includes strategies, responsibilities, timelines, and indicators of
completion for each step. |
Activity Network Diagram |
Tool
that allows a team to find both the most efficient path and a realistic
schedule for the completion of any project by graphically showing
completion time, necessary sequence of steps, and which steps can be
done simultaneously. |
Affinity Diagram |
Tool
to determine relationships or similarity. Brainstormed ideas are sorted
into categories that have a relationship to each other. Good for
assessing prior knowledge, vocabulary awareness, or concept attainment. |
Bar Chart |
Visual display of data in vertical or horizontal bars; can be a Histogram or Pareto Chart |
Brainstorming |
Used
to generate a large number of ideas in a short period of time.
Participants call out ideas – no evaluation or judgment should be made
– all ideas are recorded. |
Check Sheet |
Tool to organize data collection. Often organized in rows or columns, with data occurrences checked off or tallied. |
Consensogram |
Used to identify knowledge or opinions of a group on certain concepts or issues. |
Control Chart |
A
run chart showing standard deviations to monitor, control, and improve
process performance over time by studying variation and its source. |
Fishbone Diagram |
Helps
discern contributing factors to an outcome or problem. Also know as
cause-and-effect diagrams. Causes are recorded on the bones of the
fish-effect in the head. |
Five Whys |
Used
to find the root cause of a problem quickly. Ask why the problem is
happening five times, drilling deeper into the problem each time. |
Flowchart |
Visual
documentation of a process. Shows step-by-step approach to a specific
process by using symbols to denote tasks, decisions, and stages. Can be
general process or deployment (specific roles assigned to tasks). |
Force Field Analysis |
A problem-solving tool used to analyze driving and restraining forces that surround a proposed change. |
Focus Group |
Type
of survey – used to gather attitudes and concerns from a small group,
usually randomly selected. Interviewer takes notes on responses. |
Gantt Chart |
Shows a project schedule at a glance. Displays the major activities and their duration, including overlaps. |
Histogram |
Bar chart that provides visual representation of data. Bars are arranged in order with respect to time, size, volume, and so on. |
Issue Bin |
Captures
ideas/questions that deserve further clarification or discussion at a
later or more appropriate time. Sometimes called a Parking Lot. |
Kano Analysis |
Tool to identify and prioritize the full range of customer needs, from essential, to important, to delightful. |
Light Voting |
Way
to determine consensus by allowing team members to cast weighted votes
to designate items with their greatest support. Total number of points
for an item determines which item to choose. |
Matrix Diagram |
Tool
to systematically identify, analyze, and rate the presence and strength
of relationships between two or more sets of information. |
Pareto Diagram |
A
bar chart giving a visual representation of data in order of frequency
(greatest to least). Highest bar represents priority action item. |
PCTR Cycle |
Problem-Cause-Treatment-Results
cycle that reflects continuous improvement. Uses the scientific method
in relation to systematic improvement and problem solving. |
Plus & Delta |
Tool for brainstorming the strengths and opportunities for improvement of a meeting or team function. |
Relations Diagram |
A pictorial representation of the cause-and-effect relationships among elements of a problem or issue. |
Run Chart |
A line graph of data plotted over time. |
Scatter Diagram |
Graph
showing the relationship between two factors. The pattern formed by the
plotted dots help to analyze causes and indicates if a true
relationship exists. |
Survey |
Used
to collect knowledge/opinions of a targeted group. Can be written,
phone, or face-to-face. Used to discover customers’ views (internal and
external) of supplier’s performance. |
Tree Diagram |
Identifies actions to solve a problem or implement a solution. Moves thinking from broad goals to specifics. |